Peter Nicolai Arbo England 5th January 1066 , The English king Edward the confessor and then earl Harold Godwinson was proclaimed king at Westminster Abbey the day after the 6th. Edward the confessor had promised both Harold and William "Bastard" of Normandy the seat of the throne before he died. Both men were distant relatives to the childless Edward the confessor. When William heard of it he quickly raised an army. Harald Hardrada also claimed the English throne and he was faster than William the bastard and on 8th September,1066 240-300 Viking ships landed on the beaches of Scarborough and began an attempt to gain the English throne. 20th September,1066 Battle of Fulford : Harald Hardrada defeated the English earls Edwin and Walther. 2 days later Harald Hardrada attacked and conquered York. 24th September,1066 Harold Godwinson arrived after marching from London. 25th September,1066 Battle of Stamford bridge Battle of Stamford bridge Harald...
King Godfred kept strengthening Danewall. In the defensive wall system, there were placed a wooden defense, where each warrior had his place, and there were lots of wooden towers, where you could fire arrows at the incoming enemy. There was only one entrance, where you could enter the Danewall, the Germans called it Wiglesdor and the Danes called it Karlegat. Both names meant the same Gate of the warriors. Rune Inscriptions at Danewalll witness, the first written evidence of the Danish language.
The meaning of runes and rune magic
Runes originally meant secret wisdom because few people knew them and lacked the ability to use them correct and the invention was believed to come from Odin. But in reality they were a modification of the Roman Latin alphabet, but made specific for writing on wood, B and R were to round to be written on wood. There were original 24 signs but they were later reduced to only 16 signs. In the heathen viking period, a superstition meant that people believed that runes could be used for sorcery and have a supernatural effect, where they were made. Strong runes and wooden sticks, had secret powers and could silent the enemy's weapon, create storms and stop storms and bad weather, stop fires, shape shift people, predict future and summon spirits.
Victory runes were roasted onto the sword or the belt, to secure victory in battle. Love runes were believed to make people fall in love,by roasting the rune N, called Naud(meaning necessary) on the nail it was believed that a woman's faithfulness and love was secured. People were careful by using these runes, because if they were used wrong, they could cause illness and death when it should cause aid and savior. Ordinary runes were used for trading and contracts when with bravery the Scandinavians sailed the sea, as a trader, later as a viking, and often switched between the two occupations. They brought Amber,fish and fur which they traded to weapons, metal,salt,corn & clothing.
Number of runestones
There are approximately found 3000 rune stones in Scandinavia, 2500 in Sweden, 250 in Denmark, 50 in Norway. Uppland Sweden has the most rune stones: 1200, the Swedish rune stones are mostly found in Malardalen and the Stockholm region and further south on the Eastern side of the lake Vattern. On the island Bornholm there are many runic inscriptions on boulders and rocks.
France
Ongoing conquest and battle in Bohemia and a famine in the Frankish Empire (805/806), made Charlemagne drop his Northern invasion plans, the famine in France, was so horrible that in December, Charlemagne ordered to sell cheap wheat and secure that people did not die of starvation. A prohibition was announced:no export of food out of the empire. A ban was issued for export/import of weapons (swords, armor) from Slavic countries,the Avars and Scandinavia.
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